JOGO TONGGO AS A CULTURAL POLICY

TRANSFORMING RELIGIOUS VALUES AND TRADITIONS INTO A CONTROL SYSTEM

Authors

  • Muhammad Agus Noorbani Departemen Antropologi FISIP Uiversitas Indonesia
  • Mahmudah Nur Badan Riset Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55981/jmb.2023.2397

Keywords:

TRADITION VALUES, CULTURAL POLICY, JOGO TONGGO, CONTROL SYSTEM, PANDEMIC, CENTRAL JAVA

Abstract

This article aims to explain the effectiveness of the Jogo tonggo program initiated by the Provincial Central Java Government in controlling the social and economic impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the people of Central Java. This research uses interviews with residents and government officials to get an idea of the effectiveness of this program. The results of this study found that Jogo tonggo goes from the caring practices carried out by the Javanese community, which comes from the combination of various religious and cultural values ​​that have been mixed up over time. It is not a form of (Javanese) cultural glorification that has been practiced for a long time but instead puts forward the aspect of how the public interest is served. Prioritizing citizen involvement in Jogo Tonggo makes this movement a form of “third way.” The third way is marked by the increasing role of the community in influencing various political policies based on the various traditional practices they have. By prioritizing the role of communities and individuals as agencies, Jogo Tonggo can overcome the far-reaching impact of the Covid-19 pandemic by reinventing and relevating the various traditions of the Javanese people.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ahearne, J. (2004). Between Cultural Theory and Policy: The cultural policy thinking of Pierre Bourdieu, Michel de Certeau and Régis Debray.

Ahearne, J. (2009). Cultural policy explicit and implicit: a distinction and some uses. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 15(2), 141–153. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286630902746245

Ahearne, J. (2011). Questions of Religion and Cultural Policy in France. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 17(2), 153–169. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1080/10286632.2010.528837

Ahearne, J., & Bennett, O. (2011). Cultural policies and religion. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 17(2), 111–114. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2010.551119

An, B. Y., & Tang, S. Y. (2020). Lessons From COVID-19 Responses in East Asia: Institutional Infrastructure and Enduring Policy Instruments. American Review of Public Administration, 50(6–7), 790–800. https://doi.org/10.1177/0275074020943707

ASPI. (2020). Island voices and Covid-19: vulnerability and resilience Views. In Australian Strategic Policy Institute.

Aziz, D. K. (2015). Akulturasi islam dan budaya jawa. Fikrah, I(2), 253–286.

Bappenas, K. P. (2021). Studi Pembelajaran Penanganan COVID-19 Indonesia.

Bell, D., & Oakley, K. (2015). Cultural Policy. New York: Routledge.

Bennett, O. (2009). On religion and cultural policy: notes on the Roman Catholic Church. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 15(2), 155–170. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286630802609972

Bilton, C., & Soltero, G. (2020). Cultural policy as mythical narrative. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 26(5), 681–696. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2019.1624736

Bonet, L., & Négrier, E. (2018). The participative turn in cultural policy: Paradigms, models, contexts. Poetics, 66(June 2017), 64–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2018.02.006

Daryono, D., & Syukur, S. (2021). The Moral Philosophy of Capitalism In the View of the Javanese Islamic Trade Ethos. Jurnal THEOLOGIA, 31(2), 165–184. https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2020.31.2.6862

Dewi, K. H. (2012). Javanese women and Islam: Identity formation since the twentieth century. Southeast Asian Studies, 1(1), 109–140.

Diurlin, L., & Norén, F. (2021). Cultural policy as a governmental proxy tool for improved health: the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare’s collaborations with cultural workers 1970–1975. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 27(5), 667–682. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2020.1829609

Dubois, V. (2008). Cultural policy in France - Genesis of a public policy category Vincent. Strasbourg.

Dubois, V. (2015). Cultural Policy Regimes in Western Europe. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences: Second Edition, (February), 460–465. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.10419-2

Geertz, C. (1971). Islam Observed; Religious Development in Morocco and Indonesia Chicago & London (Phoenix Ed). Chicago & London: The University of Chicago Press.

Geertz, C. (1973). The Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781912128310

Geertz, C. (1976). The Religion of Java (Phoenix). Chicago, London: The University of Chicago Press.

Geertz, H. (1983). Keluarga Jawa. Jakarta: Grafiti Press.

Hadley, S., & Belfiore, E. (2018). Cultural democracy and cultural policy. Cultural Trends, 27(3), 218–223. https://doi.org/10.1080/09548963.2018.1474009

Hong, A. H., & Sullivan, F. R. (2013). Towards an idea-centered, principle-base design to as creation approach support learning knowledge. Educational Technology Research and Development, 57(5), 613–627. https://doi.org/10.1007/sl

Hong, K. W. (2019). A historical trajectory of cultural policy in Korea: transforming cultural politics into cultural policy. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 25(1), 5–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2018.1557648

Jones, T. (2005). Indonesian Cultural Policy, 1950-2003; Culture, Institutions, Government. Curtin University of Technology.

Jones, T. (2007). Liberalism and cultural policy in Indonesia. Social Identities, 13(4), 441–458. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504630701459123

Jones, T. (2012). Indonesian Cultural Policy in The Reform Era. Indonesia, 93, 147–176. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5728/indonesia.93.0147

Kodiran. (1984). Kebudayaan Jawa. Manusia Dan Kebudayaan Di Indonesia, 390.

Koentjaraningrat. (1985). Kebudayaan, Mentalitas, dan Pembangunan (12th ed.). Jakarta: Gramedia.

Koentjaraningrat, R. (1960). The Javanese of South Central Java. In G. Murdock (Ed.), Social Structure in South-East Asia (pp. 88–115). Chicago: Quadrangle Books.

Koentjaraningrat, R. (1980). Javanese Terms for God and Supernatural Beings and tahe Idea of Power. In R. Schefold, J. W. Schoorl, & J. Tennekes (Eds.), Man , Meaning and History: Essays in Honour of H . G . Schulte Nordholt (pp. 127–139). London and New York: Brill.

Kurniawan, A. (2020). Ketakpastian Penyelenggaraan PSBB dalam Penanganan COVID-19 | The SMERU Research Institute. Smeru Research Institute. Retrieved from https://smeru.or.id/id/content/ketakpastian-penyelenggaraan-psbb-dalam-penanganan-covid-19

Lee, H. K., Chau, K. L.-F., & Terui, T. (2021). The Covid-19 crisis and ‘critical juncture’ in cultural policy: a comparative analysis of cultural policy responses in South Korea, Japan and China. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 00(00), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2021.1938561

Mayer, J. D., & Lewis, N. D. (2020). Challenges and Responses to COVID-19: Experience from Asia. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 61(4–5), 404–422. https://doi.org/10.1080/15387216.2020.1786425

Moise, D., Negescu Oancea, D. M., Diaconu, A., & Diaconu, S. (2021). CoVid19, a Threat or a Blessing to Globalization? SHS Web of Conferences, 92, 01033. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219201033

Muadi, S., & Sofwani, A. (2018). Acculturation of Islam and Javanese. El Harakah, 20(2), 233–252. Retrieved from http://ejournal.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/infopub/article/view/5355/pdf

Muhaimin, A. G. (2006). The Islamic Traditions of Cirebon: Ibadat and Adat Among Javanese Muslims. https://doi.org/10.26530/oapen_459298

Mulcahy, K. V. (2006). Cultural policy: Definitions and theoretical approaches. Journal of Arts Management Law and Society, 35(4), 319–330. https://doi.org/10.3200/JAML.35.4.319-330

Mulder, N. (1983). Abangan Javanese Religious Thought and Practice. Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land- En Volkenkunde, 139(2/3), 260–267.

Mulder, N. (2013). Abangan Javanese religious thought and practice. Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land- En Volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia, 139(2), 260–267. https://doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003444

Nasir, M. A. (2019). Revisiting the Javanese Muslim Slametan: Islam, local tradition, honor and symbolic communication. Al-Jami’ah, 57(2), 329–358. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2019.572.329-358

Newberry, J. (2007). Rituals of rule in the administered community: The Javanese slametan reconsidered. Modern Asian Studies, 41(6), 1295–1329. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0026749X06002575

Newberry, J. C. (1997). Making do in the Imagined Community: Domesticity and State formation in Working Class Java. 520.

Newberry, J. C. (2007). Rituals of Rule in the Administered Community: The Javanese Slametan Reconsidered. Modern Asian Studies, 41(6), 1295–1329. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0026749X06002575

Nurhajati, D., Kencanawati, D., Susanti, Y., & Putri, O. A. (2021). Jaga Tangga, Model Pendampingan Belajar dan Bermain Bahasa Inggris pada Anak-Anak Selama Pendemi di Pare, Kediri. Jurnal ABDINUS : Jurnal Pengabdian Nusantara, 5(2), 314–324.

Pacces, A. M., & Weimer, M. (2020). From diversity to coordination: A European approach to covid-19. European Journal of Risk Regulation, 11(2), 283–296. https://doi.org/10.1017/err.2020.36

Pillay, I. (2021). Culture, politics and being more equal than others in COVID-19: some psychological anthropology perspectives. South African Journal of Psychology, 51(2), 325–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463211012646

Probosiwi, R., & Putri, A. L. (2021). Jaga Tangga : Solidaritas Masyarakat di Era Pandemi Covid-19. Sosio Konsepsia, 10(2), 177–192. https://doi.org/10.33007/ska.v10i2.2423

Purwanto, S. A. (2021). Kebijakan Budaya; Upaya Mengembangkan Komunitas dan Budaya Nusantara (Pidato Pengukuhan Guru Besar Antropologi). (November), 0–20.

Putnam, R. (1993). The Prosperous Community: Social Capital and Public Life. The American Prospect, 4(13), 35–42.

Putnam, R. (2000). Bowling Alone; The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York, London, Toronto, Sydney, Tokyo, Singapore: Simon & Schuster.

Raffles, T. S. (1895). The History of Java (2nd ed.). London: John Murray.

Rose, N. (2021). Community, Citizenship, and the Third Way. In D. Meredyth & J. Minson (Eds.), Citizenship and Cultural Policy (pp. 1–17). Retrieved from http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/indonesiau-ebooks/detail.action?docID=254708

Rubaidi, R. (2019). Javanese Islam: A Blend of Javanese Culture and Islamic Mystism Viewed From Post-Colonial Perspective. El Harakah (Terakreditasi), 21(1), 19–35. https://doi.org/10.18860/el.v21i1.6066

Rudyansjah, T. (2015). Émile Durkheim: Pemikiran Utama dan Percabangannya ke Radcliffe-Brown, Fortes, Lèvi-Strauss, Turner, dan Holbraad.

Ryan, J. M. (2020). COVID-19: Social Consequences and Cultural Adaptations. In J. M. Ryan (Ed.), COVID-19 Volume II: Social Consequences and Cultural Adaptations (pp. 1–8). London and New York: Routledge.

SDPI. (2021). Food Security Amid COVID-19: Money Can Never be A Substitute for Food.

Serafini, P., & Novosel, N. (2021). Culture as care: Argentina’s cultural policy response to Covid-19. Cultural Trends, 30(1), 52–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/09548963.2020.1823821

Shodiq, M. F. (2021). “Jaga Tangga” Efektivitas Kearifan Lokal, Solusi Pandemi Covid-19. SALAM: Jurnal Sosial Dan Budaya Syar-I, 8(2), 423–440. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjsbs.v8i2.19412

Siisiäinen, M. (2000). Two Concepts of Social Capital: Bourdieu vs. Putnam. In Sociological Forum. Dublin, Ireland.

Sugawara, S. E. (2021). Eliminating Human Agency: Why Does Japan Abandon Predictive Simulations? In Science Technology and Human Values. https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439211051777

Sulistiani, K., & Kaslam, K. (2020). Kebijakan Jaga Tangga Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Tengah dalam Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19. Vox Populi, 3(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.24252/vp.v3i1.14008

Sumbulah, U. (2012). Islam Jawa dan Akulturasi Budaya: karakteristik, Variasi dan ketaatan ekspresif. El-HARAKAH (TERAKREDITASI), 14(1), 51–68. https://doi.org/10.18860/el.v0i0.2191

Susilo, D., Hidayat, E., & Marta, R. F. (2021). Village public innovations during COVID19 pandemic in rural areas: Phenomena in Madura, Indonesia. Cogent Social Sciences, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2021.1905919

Sutherland, H. (1979). The Making of a Bureaucratic Elite; The Colonial Transformation of The Javanese Priyayi. Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, Hong Kong: Heinemann Educational Books (Asia) Ltd.

Tanggap Covid-19 Provinsi Jawa Tengah. (2020). Ganjar Luncurkan Gerakan Jaga Tangga, Gerakan Saling Menjaga Antarwarga dari Corona. Provinsi Jawa Tengah.

Tuwu, D., Laksmono, B. S., Huraerah, A., & Harjudin, L. (2021). Dinamika Kebijakan Penanganan Pandemi COVID-19 Dalam Perspektif Kesejahteraan Sosial. Sosio Konsepsia, 10(2), 97–110. https://doi.org/10.33007/ska.v10i2.2158

Wiryawan, I. W. (2020). Kebijakan Pemerintah Dalam Penanganan Pandemi Virus Corona Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Di Indonesia. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Webinar Nasional Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, 2019(6), 179–188. Retrieved from https://e-journal.unmas.ac.id/index.php/webinaradat/article/view/1180/1012

World Health Organization. (2020). Strengthening Preparedness for COVID-19 in Cities and Urban Settings; Interim Guidance for Local Authorities (p. 20). p. 20. WHO.

Yan, B., Zhang, X., Wu, L., Zhu, H., & Chen, B. (2020). Why Do Countries Respond Differently to COVID-19? A Comparative Study of Sweden, China, France, and Japan. American Review of Public Administration, 50(6–7), 762–769. https://doi.org/10.1177/0275074020942445

You, J. (2020). Lessons From South Korea’s Covid-19 Policy Response. American Review of Public Administration, 50(6–7), 801–808. https://doi.org/10.1177/0275074020943708

Published

2023-11-23