Pola Konsumsi Program TV di Masyarakat Pattern of Television Programm Consumption in Society

Authors

  • Ana Windarsih Pusat Penelitian Kemasyarakatan dan Kebudayaan (P2KK-LIPI)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14203/jmb.v17i3.325

Abstract

Abstrak Tulisan ini menguraikan perkembangan budaya populer pada TV nasional Indonesia pascapemilu legislatif serta pemilihan presiden tahun 2009 dan tahun 2014. Perdebatan mengenai budaya populer di Indonesia menjadi penting karena apapun bisa menjadi informasi penting jika sesuatu itu berkaitan dengan politik, seperti politik nasional. Budaya populer bisa diamati melalui film, musik, atau program TV yang lain. TV nasional Indonesia, terutama satu dekade terakhir ini, cenderung menyiarkan reality show, game show, dan sinetron. Hal tersebut menguatkan pandangan bahwa TV adalah bagian dari budaya populer atau budaya massa dan murah. Namun, rating AGB AC Nielsen Media Research dalam buletin berkala Februari 2010 menginformasikan bahwa terjadi peningkatan rating untuk program berita, baik secara durasi maupun jumlah penonton. Apakah itu berarti media sebagai sosialisasi dan transmisi nilai- nilai sedang bekerja, atau hanya merupakan satu gejala di dalam tren TV nasional Indonesia saja? Di sisi lain, terjadi kecenderungan peningkatan jumlah penonton aktif dibandingkan dengan penonton pasif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam serta penelusuran berbagai sumber data sekunder. Analisis data dilakukan dengan deskriptif ilustratif setelah data diolah melalui koding. Penelitian ini menemukan perubahan pola konsumsi masyarakat pada program TV nasional Indonesia yang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor pendukung, yaitu kepuasan, perbandingan berbagai program, maupun tanggung jawab jurnalis. Sementara itu, beberapa faktor penghambat antara lain kontestasi ekonomi dan politik, rating, maupun kepemilikan modal Kata kunci: perubahan, budaya populer, pola konsumsi Abstract This paper explores the dynamic of popular culture in Indonesian national TVs after the legislative election and president election in 2009 and 2014. Debate on popular culture in Indonesia is getting more important, particularly when it is related to national politics. Popular culture can be studied through film, music, or other TV programs. In the recent decade, the trend of Indonesian national TVs tend to broadcast reality show, game show and soap opera. It shows that Indonesian TVs are part of popular culture or low and cheap culture. However, AGB AC Nielsen Media Research in their February 2010 newsletter informed that the news rating increased, both in duration and number of audiences. Does it indicate that TV as media of socialization or values transmission is working? Or is that only a trend in Indonesian TVs? Moreover, the number of active audiences is increasing rather than the passive ones. Using qualitative approach, the data was gathered from the interviews and the secondary ones. This research shows that there are changes in the pattern of TV consumption in Indonesian society with several push factors, such as gratification, comparison between TV programs and journalists’ responsibility. Meanwhile, several obstacle factors are economic and politics contestation, rating, and share. Keywords: change, popular culture, consumption pattern

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