METHODOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE APPROACH

Authors

  • Dundin Zaenuddin Research Center for Society and Culture and the Research Center for Regional Resources, The Indonesian Institute of Sciences

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14203/jmb.v12i3.158

Abstract

Dalam penelitian ilmu sosial dikenal dua pendekatan yaitu pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif yang masing-masing menganggap dirinya lebih unggul baik dari sisi reliabilitas maupun dari sisi validitas hasil penelitian. Namun perkembangan terakhir menunjukkan bahwa kedua pendekatan ini semakin saling mendekat dan kedua pendekatan tersebut memberikan kontribusi untuk mengurang kekurangannya masing-masing sebagaimana diproposisikan pentingnya triangulasi dalam pengumpulan data atau uji hipotesis. Walaupun demikian, kecenderungan untuk memilih salah satu pendekatan dapat tetap diapresiasi sejauh didasari oleh relevansi atau kesesuaiannya dengan pertanyaan penelitian. Berkembangnya pendekatan multi-disiplin atau bahkan interdisiplin guna memahami lebih komprehensif fenomena sosial, betapapun sebagian ahli resisten akan kecenderungan baru ini, menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman komprehensif lebih merupakan sumbangan dari penggunaan berbagai metode dan teori, bukan sebaliknya. Kata Kunci: Metodologi, Pendekatan Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif, Triangulasi, Pertanyaan Penelitian.

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