Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya

MOTHER IS POWER

Widjajanti Mulyono Santoso, M. Litt — 2024-04-05

POST-REFORM SAMIN WOMEN

Muhammad Khoiruddin — 2024-04-05

This paper departs from the lack of historical studies that discuss the issue of ecofeminism in Indonesia. The purpose of writing this article is to describe Samin women and nature in the concept of ecofeminism, the rejection of cement factories by Samin women, and the balance of the roles of women and men in the domestic sphere when Samin women resist. This study used a historical method consisting of four steps: 1. Heuristics is the collection of historical sources. 2. Verify sources. 3. Through external and internal criticism. 4. Interpretation of data that has been obtained through the process of data synthesis and analysis. 4. Historiography is writing history using descriptive analysis. The results of this study show that ecofeminism first developed in the West in the 1970s—1980s. Historically, the people’s movement began during the Dutch colonial government. The motives of the Samin community movement are based on social, economic, and spiritual factors. Samin women show the concept of Samin women with nature, and nature has a fairly respectable position. This is reflected in the view of the Samin people, who represent the earth as “mother”. This shows the close relationship between the earth and women. The driving factor for the transformation of Samin women from the domestic sphere to the public sphere is the green revolution of globalization. The post-reform Samin women’s movement is evidenced by her involvement in rejecting cement development in the Sukolilo area, Pati, Central Java.

THE SEA IS A MOTHER

Sentiela Ocktaviana — 2024-04-05

The lack of representation of women in the fields of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) has become concern of many countries for decades. Gender inclusivity in development must also include gender equality in the science production. Considering the marine resources in Indonesia, the involvement of young female scientists in the development of marine science is necessity. By using an intersectionality approach, this study aims to reveal the experiences of young women as marine researchers and reveal their strategies, not only in maintaining their careers, but also in developing and producing knowledge. The concept of intersectionality is used to identify every element that influences and shapes gender identity. Women’s identity cannot be separated from the relationships that occur in both private and public spaces. Therefore, by using in-depth interview techniques, this research emphasizes women’s experiences about gender identity and gender relations. Through these women’s personal experiences, it is revealed that the identities of women researchers are formed from many factors, both internal and external, influencing how they make decisions, behave, strategize, and interact. However, those young
women are still faced with structural and cultural barriers such as gender expectations, both in public and private spaces. The process of developing and producing knowledge cannot be separated from their gender identity as well as gender relations, including the relation between female researchers with their research object. The attachment of female researchers to their research objects and the sea that relate to their gender identity appears in the form metaphor of non-human objects. This study also reveals the concerns and hopes of young female researchers to be a consideration in formulating policies related to gender inclusivity in the STEM, especially in the marine science which can accommodate the uniqueness of gender identity.

RURAL WOMEN RESPOND TO THE CLIMATE CRISIS

Peppy Angraini — 2024-04-05

Women in the Batanghari watershed experienced changes and lost their livelihoods due to conversion of plantation. Women worked in rubber plantations and agriculture and had to stop working altogether, or worked in plantation companies as daily laborers. Land conversion did not only change the pattern of livelihoods, but also changed the way of life of women. Some women even encouraged their husbands and sons to mine gold in the river to provide for the family. This research was conducted in two villages; Teluk Kuali and Melako Intan were opposite and separated by the Batanghari River. This research aimed to answer the question whether women in the two villages had knowledge about the climate crisis, and how rural women respond to the ongoing climate crisis. In collecting data, this research used interview techniques and direct observation. Ecofeminism is used to analyze this research.

MARGINALIZED COMMUNITIES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Sayf Alaydrus — 2024-04-05

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted all walks of life in Indonesia, forcing society to adapt. As one of the gender minority groups in a relatively conservative country, the pandemic might impact the transgender community differently. The purpose of this research is to analyze transgender individuals’ adaptation during the pandemic. We employed the qualitative descriptive research method by conducting in-depth interviews with 10 informants from several cities and regencies in Indonesia. Transcription, categorization, and theoretical review were performed to analyze the data. Our results show that transgender individuals in Indonesia have faced unique difficulties and discrimination during the pandemic, a decrease in income, and limited employment opportunities. Our informants’ adaptation strategies vary, for example, financial planning, socializing with friends, professional counseling, and many more. We conclude that relentless advocacy toward the people and government is required to ensure their rights to equal treatment despite their gender identity. Several suggestions to improve their well-being starts with educating the public to use gender-neutral pronouns, politely asking for people’s pronouns, and understanding transgender issues from their perspective. The government should guarantee antidiscriminative public access, further acknowledge transgender people’s civil rights, and increase social assistance to marginalized communities impacted by the pandemic.

PARENTING IN WORKING PARENTS FAMILIES

Wabilia Husnah — 2024-04-05

The involvement of both parents in parenting (co-parenting) has positive implications for children’s growth and development, including in families with working mothers. The growing number of working women, one of whom lives in Bekasi Regency, emphasizes the importance of balancing the responsibilities of both parents in raising children. Unfortunately, fathers’ involvement in parenting is still limited. This study examines how the division of parenting responsibilities works in working parents families from case study research on families with working mothers in Bekasi Regency, the research focuses on the positions of mothers and fathers in the distribution of parenting roles, the challenges of involving fathers in parenting, and evaluates that encourage father involvement in parenting. According to the intersectionality theory, even though father involvement is increasing, there is an imbalance in the distribution of parenting roles. This inequality is caused by the intersection of many factors, like socio-political, cultural, economic, educational, and religious interpretation factors. Thus, intervention efforts are needed in these various factors to maximize the role of fathers in parenting, for the realization of Indonesia Emas 2045.

A SURVEY ON GENDER DIFFERENCES IN LANGUAGE CHOICE OF COASTAL KONJO COMMUNITY

Sri Ningsih — 2024-04-05

Community language usage patterns are often fundamental to minority language maintenance. This study investigates the gender differences in language choice within the Coastal Konjo residing in South Sulawesi Province and explores the implications of its language maintenance. The contexts of language use are varied based on the speaker’s role, the topic of conversation, and the situation of the conversation to understand how gender influences language use and transmission practices. A survey method is used to gather information from 80 respondents, and SPSS is used for descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Descriptive analysis shows that the Konjo language is the most widely spoken, followed by Bahasa Indonesia, Buginese, and mixed-use languages. The inferential statistical analysis also shows that there are no appreciable gender disparities in the Coastal Konjo community’s language choice (p > 0.005) in each context. However, the data reveals a distinct difference in how the Buginese is used, with females appearing to utilize it more frequently than males. This suggests that females have more language contact with Buginese who have long coexisted with coastal Konjo speakers in Bulukumba. Moreover, the findings indicate that males are more crucial to the maintenance of the Konjo language than females.